SAE International standard (J3016) levels for autonomous driving.
Level 0
There is no automation. Driver at the wheel steers, brakes, accelerates, and negotiates traffic.
Level 1
Driver assist. Vehicle controls the steering or the vehicle speed. Driver performs all aspects of driving and has full responsibility for monitoring the road and taking over when the assistance system fails to manage.
Level 2
Partial self-driving automation. Vehicle can steer, accelerate, and brake in certain road conditions. Maneuvers such as reacting to the traffic signals or changing lanes are responsibility of the driver, as well as monitoring for hazards. The driver may have to keep a hand on the wheel to prepare for unexpected conditions.
Level 3
Advanced self-driving automation. Vehicle can manage most aspects of driving, including monitoring the road and surroundings. It prompts the driver to intervene when it encounters an unexpected driving condition.
Level 4
Highly advanced automation. Vehicle can operate without driver input or oversight but only under particular conditions such as road type or geographic area. The driver can manage all driving responsibilities on streets and can be a passenger when the car enters a highway or non-congested area.
Level 5
Fully automated self-driving. Driverless vehicle can operate on any road in any circumstances a driver could perform. Driver only needs to set the target destination and start the vehicle, it handles all other driving tasks. Vehicle can drive to any accepted or defined destination and make its own decisions on the road.
Level 0
There is no automation. Driver at the wheel steers, brakes, accelerates, and negotiates traffic.
Level 1
Driver assist. Vehicle controls the steering or the vehicle speed. Driver performs all aspects of driving and has full responsibility for monitoring the road and taking over when the assistance system fails to manage.
Level 2
Partial self-driving automation. Vehicle can steer, accelerate, and brake in certain road conditions. Maneuvers such as reacting to the traffic signals or changing lanes are responsibility of the driver, as well as monitoring for hazards. The driver may have to keep a hand on the wheel to prepare for unexpected conditions.
Level 3
Advanced self-driving automation. Vehicle can manage most aspects of driving, including monitoring the road and surroundings. It prompts the driver to intervene when it encounters an unexpected driving condition.
Level 4
Highly advanced automation. Vehicle can operate without driver input or oversight but only under particular conditions such as road type or geographic area. The driver can manage all driving responsibilities on streets and can be a passenger when the car enters a highway or non-congested area.
Level 5
Fully automated self-driving. Driverless vehicle can operate on any road in any circumstances a driver could perform. Driver only needs to set the target destination and start the vehicle, it handles all other driving tasks. Vehicle can drive to any accepted or defined destination and make its own decisions on the road.
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